Denmark reassesses focus in Red Sea amid escalating Houthi rebel attacks on shipping

Denmark’s focus on the Red Sea has diminished following issues with the frigate Iver Huitfeldt’s weapon systems, which malfunctioned in the region, as well as the subsequent return of defense chief Lentfer. In stark contrast, the Houthi rebels are intensifying their focus on the same waters. Attacks on shipping have not only increased in frequency but also in intensity, involving missile and drone assaults on international maritime traffic, which have become more sophisticated since Denmark’s withdrawal from the mission area. Ships are now being attacked multiple times during voyages, facing combinations of missiles, flying drones, and surface drones.

The consequences extend beyond seafarers and consumers, who are already experiencing rising prices due to increased shipping costs; the most significant victim is the climate. A recent image from the EU’s Aspides mission shows the oil tanker Sounion engulfed in flames in the Red Sea, after being hit while carrying millions of liters of oil.

According to Danish Shipowners’ Association, Danish cargo ships have abandoned passage through the Red Sea altogether due to the heightened risks. This change affects most global shipping traffic, with previous routes past Houthi coasts now abandoned. As a result, global cargo is being rerouted through air transport or taking a longer route around Africa, extending travel times by 8 to 10 days and increasing CO2 emissions by 250-350%.

The situation highlights the EU’s growing security demands. The commander of the EU naval force has indicated he requires at least six additional frigates to effectively address the crisis. While some Danish frigates are currently grounded due to technical issues, the frigate Absalon is set to become operational soon. Denmark is currently contributing a staff officer to the EU mission’s headquarters in Greece, but discussions continue on how best to ensure safe navigation in the troubled Red Sea.