Mpox variant confirmed in first case reported in Sweden since 2022

Mpox, a disease caused by the mpox virus, has been present in Sweden since 2022. A new variant of the virus, first noted for its spread in Central and Southern Africa, has recently gained attention. On August 15, 2024, the first confirmed case of this new mpox variant was reported in Sweden.

Mpox is related to smallpox, with the clade 2 variant spreading widely in 2022, while the newer clade 1 is now considered to be more transmissible and deadly. The majority of cases are reported in Central and Southern Africa. Historically, transmission occurred from animals to humans; however, since 2022, human-to-human transmission has led to a global outbreak, primarily via close physical or sexual contact.

Symptoms include rashes, blisters, and sores, often mild, alongside fevers and swollen lymph nodes. The incubation period ranges from 5 to 21 days. Vaccination against smallpox, which stopped in Sweden in 1976, is estimated to provide about 85% protection against mpox; some vaccinated individuals are presumed to have retained some immunity.

Mpox is classified as a general-dangerous disease, meaning reported cases must be monitored by regional infection control authorities. Individuals exhibiting symptoms or suspecting exposure should seek medical guidance to trace potential infection chains. Public health officials emphasize the importance of limiting contact with infected individuals and implementing precautionary measures to curb the spread.