Mývatn’s ecosystem shows signs of revival as midge populations rebound in Iceland

Mývatn’s ecosystem is experiencing a revival after notable declines in the populations of midges and birds over the past four summers. This renowned natural attraction, which is the fourth largest lake in Iceland, derives its name from the midge, which significantly influences the local environment. Recent years, however, have seen a stark reduction in midge populations.

Árni Einarsson, a specialist from the Mývatn Nature Research Station, reports that the ecosystem is slowly rebounding after challenging summers. “We are beginning to see midges return in some parts of Mývatn,” he noted, as he spoke from a boat on the lake where midges were swarming around him.

Natural fluctuations in the midge population typically occur every four to nine years. However, this recent decline has lasted unusually long, according to Einarsson. “Generally, the pattern is similar: midges disappear after a few good years, and then they completely vanish for a period. It takes several years for the ecosystem to regain its previous balance,” he explained.

The resurgence of midges is promising for the local bird population, which has reached historical lows, the lowest in 50 years. “As the midges return, we can expect the bird population to strengthen relatively quickly, as the young birds depend heavily on midges for survival,” Einarsson added.