Study reveals social exclusion linked to dementia in Finland
A study conducted by the universities of Tampere and Turku has revealed the profound impact that dementia-related illnesses, such as Alzheimer’s disease, can have on social interactions. Researchers investigated the connections between social isolation and living in nursing homes by interviewing the relatives of those suffering from dementia. “Social death,” as described in the study, refers to individuals being seen as unworthy of interaction and being excluded from social engagement. According to researcher Jari Pirhonen, the mere diagnosis of dementia can lead to social exclusion. “People start viewing individuals through the lens of their dementia diagnosis, which can result in old friendships fading away,” he noted.
The study also highlighted the negative stereotypes that can affect the care of people with dementia. Moving to a nursing home significantly reduced social contacts, with interactions often limited to just a few close relatives. A person with dementia may experience loneliness, or an active individual may appear withdrawn—not simply due to the illness itself.
Pirhonen emphasized that nursing homes should focus on enhancing social life in addition to regular care. He pointed out that the stigma surrounding dementia significantly contributes to the reduction of social networks, with assumptions about the illness affecting individuals’ capabilities, needs, behavior, and social identity. Some relatives were even advised to limit contact, under the belief that staff would reach out if anything serious occurred. This misunderstanding overlooks the fundamental need for individuals to remain engaged in their lives.
The research suggests that changing the culture within nursing homes and fostering a supportive environment can prevent social death, allowing individuals to maintain meaningful interactions and involvement in their lives. As Pirhonen concludes, even small actions, such as inviting someone with dementia for a walk, can have a significant positive impact.